Person-centred therapy, is a humanistic approach focused on how individuals consciously perceive themselves, rather than relying on a counsellor's interpretation of their unconscious thoughts.
What is person-centred counselling?
Developed by psychologist Carl Rogers in the 1950s, views humans as inherently inclined to reach full potential, although this be hindered by life experiences that impact their self-worth. The counsellor strives to understand the client's experience from their viewpoint, valuing them as a whole person and fostering an environment of acceptance. This helps clients reconnect with their values and self-worth, supporting their journey toward personal growth.
The core aim of person-centred therapy is to facilitate self-actualisation, allowing individuals to realise their potential by exploring their strengths. The therapist provides essential support as clients navigate this journey.
A key aspect of this self-actualising theory is that personal potential is in a supportive psychological environment, which includes:
- Sociability (the need for connection with others)
- Openness to experience
- Trustworthiness
- Curiosity, creativity, and compassion
This environment is characterised by a sense of physical and emotional safety, established through three essential conditions in therapy:
- Congruence: The therapist must be entirely genuine.
- Empathy: The therapist must seek to understand the client's experience.
- Unconditional positive regard: The therapist must remain non-judgmental and valuing.
Low self-esteem and a lack of self-reliance, can hinder personal growth.
This approach acknowledges that a person's social environment can influence these aspects, providing therapy in a neutral and comfortable setting that encourages authenticity and openness to-discovery. By creating a safe space, clients can reflect on past experiences affecting their self-perception and take steps toward positive change.
The person-centred approach can also assist in:
- Aligning their ideal self with their actual self
- Achieving enhanced self-awareness
- Releasing feelings of insecurity and guilt
- Building trust in themselves
- Developing healthier relationships
- Improving self-expression
- Embracing overall positive change
Benefits of person-centred therapy
Individuals of all ages facing various personal issues.
Many appreciate the control they have over session content and pace, without the fear of being judged or evaluated. This non-directive style is particularly effective for those eager to explore themselves or address specific psychological habits. It is especially helpful for overcoming challenges such as depression, anxiety, stress, and grief, which can impact self-esteem and self-awareness.
Theory behind the approach
Trusts in individuals' innate ability to achieve fulfillment. By creating a supportive environment, clients can recognise their capacity for self-healing and growth. Another important concept is self-concept, which refers to the beliefs and perceptions individuals hold about themselves. Acknowledges that striving for acceptance can distort self-concept, leading individuals to adopt conditions based on external validation. As a result, people may simplify their identities to fit into accepted 'types,' risking the loss of their true selves. Person-centred counselling aims to foster self-actualization and personal growth, enabling clients to explore their identities liberate themselves from imposed ideals.